Argand lamp-burner



(No Model.) 4 Sheets--S'hret A. BEACH. f ARGAND LAMP BURNER.

No. 381,099... y Patented Apr.- 1,7

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N. PETERS. Pmmunwmpher. mamma". D. c.

UNITED 'STATES "i PATENT@ QFFIG;

f y ,ELIAs BEACH, or CHICAGO, ILLINOIS..

`Aue/mu `LAM P-BURNeR'.

sPnCrrCArroNforming partof Leners Patent No. 38.1.0951` atea Aprii11,1883..

To all whom #may concern:

- of the United States, residing at Chicago, in,

Be it known that I, ELIAS BEACH, a citizen the county of Cook and Stateof Illinois, have invented certain new and useful Improvements inyArgand Lamp-Burners; and-I dohereby declarethe following to be a full,clear, and exact description of the invention, such as will enableothers skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use thesame; i

My invention relates to Argand oil-burners; Yand it consists in theconstruction and combinationof parts, which will be fully hereinafterdescribed and claimed. Y A

One object of my invention is to provide an Argand .burner in which thecurrents offair passing therethrough are graduated according to therequirements of the burner, and tosepa' rate and equalize the currentssupplying the different parts thereof, and so unite them atv the pointof combustion as to produce perfect.

and uniform combustion.

A further object of'y my invention'is to provide an Argand burnerwherein theparts are united without thekguse of solder or brazing, andwhich are simple and e'ectivejintheir 'construction and operation andreadily adtral vertical and horizontal draft-tubes, shown detached fromeach other. Fig. 5 isa horizontal section of the tube-holder, thehorizonn tal tube, and the connectingthimbles, showing the perforations`inthe bottom surface of the horizontal tube for the mounting andopera#tion of the rack mechanism. Fig. Y6 is a detail view,in perspective,ofthewick-engaging ring and its connections. Fig. 7 is adetail view,inperspective, ofthe rack mechanism, theoperating-shaft,thespur-wheel,thesupporting-frame, and the connections,the rack being shown at its highest point of elevation. Fig. 8 is a de-Applicatin led April 9, 1887. SerialNo. 234.216. (No model.)

tail view, in perspective, ofthe yslotteil cranky. and'toggle-lever. iFig. 9'is, a detail top'plan view'of the llockingring before beingpressed 55 around the parts to be locked together thereby. Fig. l0 is adetail view,in elevatiomof theconi-r cal spider or'guide for holdingtherack.,y Fig. I1 is afront elevation of the rackbar, showing the openingin its face andthepin'which 6o engages With thecrank and'toggle-lever.Fig.

1'2is a side elevation of said rack-bar.VK Fig.z 13 is a cross-sectionalView of the Wire gauzev or netting. Fig. 14 isa plan view of the conjnecting-thimble.` j .y

A represents the outer shell of the burner,

which is attached to the bottom support, S, by

beading and pressingA the parts togetherjto form a rigid connectiomwhichwillpreventg'I any movement ofthe 'mechanism placed in poi# y7osition'therein. vThe said outside shelland bottom supportareperforatedras at I and 2,'Figs.

1 and 2, to admit the necessary amountofy airl to thedifferentparts ofthe burner. On Lthe topporti'on of the outside shell, A, the gallery 75'Pris mounted', and constructed andarranged to support the cone Ov andthe chimney. *The lower portion of the gallery Iis provided with Y angesformed at such angles as to `allow it' to be inserted inside rof andrestuponthe'top 8o portionv of theoutside.shell,`A. Thegouter loweredgeof the said gallery extends some Y f i` distance away` from the shell,is constructed with a bead, which is adapted to hold thje/` tripod'forsupporting the globe orshade, Uand-8 5 the fupper part of the saidgallery isprovivded4v withspring-arms for holding or securing thechimney. 2 y The connection of the gallery to thel outL side shell issuch thatvit can be readily re; Jg/'o moved at will, thus removing theglobe, chimney," and conerO at one andthe same time, so as to allow-thelighting, trimming, orlrewicking of the burner. 'f

Mounted within the shell Ajis thev central'gs vertical tube, E,aroundwhich thewick or;

wicks are placed, and connected to the bottom' portion of ,this tube Eisa horizontal tube B. Around -these tubes E and B a cylindrical itube-holdenG, is placedf,havingiopenings in droog', `itssides whichengage'with` the openiends'of y thehorizontalftube B,as fullyvillustrated in section' in Fig. 3. 'Ihimbles Dare ihsert'ed'inf. theopenin gs in the sidesof. the tube-ho,ldcr-G` and in the open ends ofthetube B, the form of the openings and the thimbles being such thatwhen the said thimbles are pressed into place and locked by suitablemeans tight joints between said parts are secured, and thus they areheld in afixed position. The bottom ofthe tube-holder C is constructedwith au outwardly-projecting flange, 3, which rests on a flange, 4,formed on the top portion of the male joint T, and when said flangeshave been thus arranged they are united by a locking-ring, G, which ispressed around or over and under the same, and also under theinwardly-curved portion of the support S, thus firmly securing saidparts together and to the support of the burner entire., The male jointT is constructed with two threaded portions, 5 and 6, situated at partsof said joint varying in. diameter, the larger part, 5, being connectedwith what is known in the art as a mammoth collar,7 and the smallerpart, 6, with an ordinary No. 2 collar; or said joint can be made A tofit a mammoth collar, and by attaching an expander, in lieu of a No. 2collar, can be adjusted for attachment to the collar of an ordinarylamp.

The outer surface of the upper portion of the outside verticaltube-holder, C, is provided with screw-threads, by which connection ismade with the lower enlarged screw-threaded end of the removable tube R,which is of such diametric cross-section relatively to the vertical tubeE as to hold the wick-raiser and the said vertical tubeEin properposition. Around the removable tube B a wire-gauze safety-netting, H, isplaced, through which the air supplied to the outside of the flame isfiltered, and thus the light is made less sensitive to the currents ofair, and also the flame is prevented from communicating with the lowerportion of the burner, to which it might be drawn by the leakage of gasor oil through the connecting joints. This netting H extends down intoand below that portion of thel gallery P which is inserted in the top ofthe outside shell, A, and has its lower portion secured to said shell,so that the removal of the gallery will not disturb or displace thenetti ng.

The central vertical tube, E, is encircled by a wick-raising ring orsupport, M, Figs. 1 and 6, which isconstructed in the form of a shorttube, the lower edge thereof being of such configuration as to conformto and rest upon the top of the horizontal tube B. The upper part ofsaid ring M is provided with two rows of projecting teeth, 7 7, formedintegrally therewith, which engage with the wick or wicks and raisethem, as will be more fully hereinafter described.

Upon the sides of the ring M, at points diametricallyopposite eachother,the upper ends of two exible arms, N N, are secured; thence they'extend downwardly past the horizontal tube B, their lower ends beingbent at an angle and overlapped, thus forming a securing base orbracket` Two apertures, 8 8, are cut in the lower overlapped ends ofsaid arms, through which two projections, 9 9, formed at the lower endof the rack-bar N, pass and are clinched, thus securing the said arms Ntogether at their lower ends,and forming a rigid connection between thewick-raising collar or ring M and the said rack-bar.

As shown in Figs. 7 and 11, the rack-bar N is constructed in squaretubular form, a portion of one side thereof beingleft open for thereception of the spurwheel 10, which is mounted on the end of a smallhorizontal shaft, 11, supported by aud having bearing in one of theupright arms f of a bracket, F, which is secured in the horizontal tubeB and by the outside shell, A. Tol another arm, f, of the bracket F acrank, J, is hinged by means of the pivot-pin 13 passing therethrough,the v upper end of the crank J being in like manner hinged to atoggle-lever, K, by means of a pivot-pin, 14.

The rack-bar Nhas a projection, 12, formed on one side thereof, whichengages with a recess, 14, constructed in the crank lJ, and operates inthe manner hereinafterV set forth. The toggle-lever K is provided withau arm, 15, bent into the shape illustrated in Fig. 8, which projectsinto the opening in one side of the rack-bar N. Upon this bent arm theshank of the button or spreader I rests, said shank passing down throughthe upper open end of the rack-bar, and being raised or lowered by saidbent arm. On the opposite side of the lever K another arm, 16isprovided, which passes over and close to the rack-bar N, by which andthe arm 15 said bar is steadied in its movements. Below the arms 15 and16 of the lever K,and near the arm 16, a lug or projecting shoulder, 17,is formed, with which the projection or piu 12 on'the rack-bar N engagesas said bar is raised, which has the effect of limiting the furtherupward movement of the said rack-bar. The rack-bar is further steadiedin its movement by passing up through the bottom of the horizontal tubeB and the central vertical tube, E, and is held in proper position bythe devices situated in the horizontal tube B,as above described, and byits passage through the angular opening in said tube.

In the upper internal portion of the vertic al tube E, and resting ontop of the horizontal tube B, a-.conical spider, L, is mounted andsecured, and through the top rim thereof the rack-bar N passes and issupported in its vertical movements. 'The lower continuous rim of thisspider L rests on the horizontal tube B, and is provided withprojections 18,which engage with the vertical tube E and keep the saidspider in a central upright position. 'The conical shape of the spiderallows an unobstructed working of the crank J, and togglelever K insideof the projections thereof is less liable to be effected by the heat,andavoids the downward passage of the dame.

The` cone O, which has a base-rest on the gal- ICO ilo

381,099l t l 3 lery P and surrounds the upper part of the burner,ispconstructed withfa fiat surface at its top edge, which is providedwith a series of 4apertures, as shown by dotted lines in Fig. 1'.

These apertures divide the air drawn to this part of the flame andproduce a white and steady light, whereas if the current were allowed toescape through the large central openingof the'cone an unsteady,flickering light would be produced, due to the velocity of the' currentacting on the llame direct.

To wick'the burner, the gallery 1),coue O, tube R, and wire-netting Hare removed, as

hereinbefore described, and the-wick-engaging ring M raised t itshighest elevation. A wick isthen forced down into the open space betweenthe tube-holder G and the horizontal tube B until it can be reached fromthe lowerl part of the burner,whcn it is drawn downward the requireddistance. The corresponding wick for the other side is'then introducedin a similar manner.v After slightly lowering the 'wick-engaging ring,the sides of thetwo wicks aretheu brought together slightly around thevertical tube E and the said wick-cngaging ring M, the teeth 7 7 on thelatter being pressed through the wicks to'hold them in positionuntil'the removable tube R is secured to the tubeholder O. They wicksare then ready for lighting. It will be seenthat when the two wicks arethus engaged by the wick-raiser or ringM and held in position by theremovable tube R. the wicks are virtually continuous and act as a`single round wick, and that the raising Vand lowering thereof mustfloeabsolutely true and even. The lower row of teeth on the wickraiser takesoff any strain upon the top portion ofthe wicks which might be caused byfric- 'tion on the tubes and avoids the cramping of is placed upon theburner.

shank thereof,being inserted in the opening in the same in passing thehorizontal tubeB and their contraction in entering the collar of anordinary lamp. After -the wicking is completed, the flat metallicdeficctor or spreader I The wire stem ory the top of the rack-barN,`drops down therethrough, and rests on topof the bent arm 15 ofthetoggle-lever K, which enters and hasA Y movement in the open side of thesaid rackbar, as stated. l

. When the rack-*bar N is raised and lowered by thespur-wheel 10 and itsconnections, the wickraising ring M is moved inlike manner,

and also the projecting pin 12on the said barV is consequently raisedand ylowered-and engages the slot in the hinged crank J in its descent.When said bar and wick are moved downward, the pin 12 descends untilitreaches the bottom of the slot inthe crank J, and as said crank afurthermovement of the pin 12v `causes'the crank and the toggle-lever K,hin gedvto the long arm of'the crank, to move or re-A the slot is formednearvthe pivotal'point of the volve from thecvertical positionlshown in Fig.7 and the toggle-l ever and its arm 15 to descend.

As the arm 15 of the toggle-lever Kdescends,

'tothe flame. y, outside of these tubes and the wick and lntov thesupport of the stem or shank also descends, thezsaid stem lowering l'inthe hollowrackper portion ofthe burner is coveredthereby,

thus kextinguishing the light andpre've'nting bar N until thecombustion-space atthelupany escape of gas or ysmoke or evaporationot'Vv oil through thewick'tubes so long as the de? tlector is allowed toremain in a closedposl; tion. A Aslight movement of the rackffbar Nupward raises the crank and toggle-lever to an upright position, and asthe wickk and`de, i

tlectorare also raised the burner is again ready to be religh'ted. Whenthecrank and togglelever are raised, they are held'in their elevatedposition bythe. projecting pinv 12 of the rack' bearing against theshoulders 17 on' the upper end of the toggle-lever K.'

The relative movement of the partsis such i that on turning theratchet-wheel to raise theI wick the pin 12 acts atonce upouthecrank J`and gives a sudden upward movementltoV the spreader, fwhich reach esitsV elevated position before the wickraiser is fullyelevated, al

though the motion of loothA commences at the same time. g x first untilthe pin 12 reaches they inellnedy por- 9.0. The wick-raiser kwillalsodescendl f -f tion of the slot in the crank J, when apositive downwardmovementv willbe Ygiven to f the spreader, which then also becomes theext1nguisher. It will thus be* apparent thatthe action of the spreaderis positive and accom` plished byV one spur-wheel, as vis also thatv ofthewick-raiser. ,n 'y The provision of perfect draft willbereadily Ion4understood. lAppart of theair whichenters `the perforations inthe outershell, A,.passesv n throughthe horizontal and vertical draft-tubes BandE and risesinside ofthe circular vwick A part of the air also passes thecone O, and escapes partly through the l centralopeninginthecone,andpartly through Y,

the circular row of perforations in the'upper edge of said cone. Thislatter part of` the 'air impinges on the amegjust at the edge ,of thespreaderl, and the" united currentsteud to. l 4 v' produce ,aperfectcombustionanda steady intensewvhite light, y

It will be readilys'een that, owing to the construction and operation ofthis combined "iig Y mechanism, the use of springs or .other dei vicesliable to get out of order or bejinjured by the heat is entirelydispensed with'.g rv Y It is' obvious that minor changes may be made inthe construction and arrangement of. the-parts withoutjin the leastdeparting from vthe nature or principle of my invention. .Y Having thusdescribedm y invention, whatI' ,y

' 1,25 1. In an oilburner for lamps, the ,combinar-Q tion of aperforated V,outer shell, aremovable claim as new isl tube, atube-holderfformed with openings. its sides, vertical and horizontaldraft-tubes,`

and thimbles connecting the horizontal draft# scribed.

, l ,T1361 tube .to the tube-holder,'substantiallyavs,deg`r 2. Thecombination, in an Argand burner, of the vertical tube E, the conicalspiderL, having a continuous rim and projections at the bottom, thehorizontal tube B, the bracket F, the crank J, toggle-lever K, rack-barN, and the spur-wheel 10, substantially as described.

3. The combination, in an Argand burner, of a rack-bar constructed witha projection or pin, a slotted crank, a toggle -lever hinged thereto andhaving a lug resting on said pin, and means for operating the saidparts, substantially as described.

4. The combination, in an Argand burner, of the cone,the spreader havinga downwardlyextending shank, thc tubular rackbar having an open top, anopen side, and a projecting pin, and devices for operating said bar,substantially as described.

5. In an Argand burner, the combination of the cone, the spreader, thetogglelever K, the,

crank J, the rack-bar N, andlneans foroperating the latter,substantially as described.

6. In an Argand burner, the combination of the male joint T, the supportS, the outside shell, A, the tube-holder, and the lock-ring G, foruniting the said parts, substantially as described.

7. The combination, in an Argand burner, of a wick-engaging ring, therack-bar connected to said wick-engaging ring, ashaft provided with aspur-wheel engaging said rack, the central airtubes, a deticctor orspreader connected with said rack-bar, a crank hinged forming a supportfor the spreader, the rackbar and crank being provided the one with aprojecting pin and the other with a recess engaging the saine,substantially as described.

8. The combination, in an Argand burner, of a delector or spreader, aconical spider, the vertical tube, the rack-bar provided with aprojecting pin, a shaft and spur-Wheel, a toggle-lever having a bent armextending into the rack-bar and a stop or shoulder formed upon theopposite side thereof,a slotted crank, and a supporting-bracket,substantially as described.

9. The combination, in an Argand burner, of a vertical tube, E, thedeflector I, the spider L, the rack-bar N', provided with the projectionor pin, the slotted crank J, the toggle-1ever K, hinged to said crank,the spur-wheel, and the operating-shaft, substantially as described.

l0. The combination, in an Argand burner, of the wick-raiser, themovable tubular rackbar having the projection, the slotted crank J, thetoggle-lever K, the conical spider L. and the dellector I, theV slot inthe crank and the construction of the toggle-lever allowing the requiredtravel of the rack-bar, substantially as described.

1l. The combination, in anArgand burner, of the wick-raising ring havingflexible arms, the dedector, the rack-bar having the pin, the slottedcrank, the toggle-lever hinged to said crank, the bracket to which thecrank is hinged, and means for moving said rack-bar, substantially asdescribed. j

In testimony whereof I ax my signature in presence of two witnesses.

- ELIAS BEACH. Witnesses:

EDWARD J. WooDWARD. CHAs. S. CLARKE.

